Latent Difference Score Models – Dr. Robert Vandenberg

In our theories, an interest in change is signaled by phrases such as:

A longitudinal research design: 

A longitudinal design allows examination of:

Creating a difference score between the same variable at T1 and T2:

An autoregressive, or Type A Model that regresses a T2 Variable onto a T1 variable and uses residuals in subsequent steps: 

Early latent approaches to differences: 

In choosing between a Type DR design versus a Type Delta the key is:

With Mplus syntax, a fixed parameter value is indicated by:

With latent difference models, a model with “perfect fit” is:

Latent difference longitudinal models yield results that: 

Latent difference multiple indicator approaches:

A latent difference approach: